zajímavé údaje k nejdelším tunelům na silniční i železniční síti v provozu/výstavbě/testování z portálu min. infrastruktury
Greece's 10 longest road tunnels 
Greece’s motorway network is now completed (except for E65 which will be released shortly) having transformed the transportation map of the country. Among the projects that have been implemented over the last decades, road tunnels stand out for their technical complexity and difficulty and the fact that have been designed and carried out by Greek companies thus adding new achievements and valuable know-how to the domestic constructions market.
Apart from the (usually justified and productive) criticism, sometimes we have to give credit to ourselves for the materialization of truly challenging projects. Road tunnels are definitely some of them and Ypodomes.com presents you the list with Greece’s top-10 tunnels (in terms of length):
1. Tempi Tunnel 2-T2 (6 km - Aegean Motorway)
2. Drisko Tunnel (4.6 km – Egnatia Motorway)
3. Panagopoula Tunnel (4 km – Olympia Motorway)
4. Metsovo Tunnel (3.5 km – Egnatia Motorway)
5. Dodoni Tunnel (3.36 km – Egnatia Motorway)
6. Klokova Tunnel (3 km – Ionian Motorway)
7. Platamonas Tunnel (3 km – Aegean Motorway)
8. Domokos Tunnel (3 km – Central E65 Motorway) To be released soon
9. Ag. Konstantinos Tunnel (2.5 km – Nea Odos Motorway)
10. Kastania Tunnel (2.22 km – Egnatia Motorway)
Interesting data
The length of all 10 tunnels combined is 31 km. If we connected them, one after the other, they would be longer than Athens Metro Line 1, which has a length of 24 km or they would be equal to the entirety Thessaloniki’s Ring Road length (31.4 km) or slightly less than half of Attiki Motorway (70 km).
Tempi Tunnel (T2) has been opened since 2011 but it, unfortunately, coincided with Greece’s financial crisis, delaying its completion considerably. In fact, it took six more years to finally operate (April 2017). Let's not forget though that its operation abolished the obsolete and dangerous part of the old network at Tempi Valley, that has counted multiple fatalities over the years.
Driskos Tunnel in Egnatia Motorway, was topping the list for years, not only for its long length but also for its technical features, as it passes through Pindos mount range.
Panagopoula twin tunnels are 4km long to Athens and 3.16 km long to Patras, as opposed to the other nine tunnels of the motorway that have almost the same length in both directions.
The 3-km-long Klokova Tunnel claims a place in the Guinness records as it was drilled in just 13 months. This is a Greek record, unprecedented for a road tunnel project in the country and was a very important step for the completion of Ionian Motorway.
Our list, as an exception, is featuring the future Domokos Tunnel. It is located in Lamia-Xyniada section of E65 Motorway and to date, 1,000 meters have been opened (500 metres on each side during the period 2008-2011). When finished, it will constitute the most important technical project of E65 as it will eliminate the dangerous turns after the town of Lamia and, in that sense, deserves an early “reservation” at Ypodomes.com top-10 list.
Greece’s 10 longest railway tunnels
Multiple rail projects have been implemented in the country over the last 25 years leaving an, admittedly, valuable footprint behind them. Greece now features a remarkable railway network which, with the completion of the Athens-Thessaloniki corridor in 2018, will be finally appreciated by the passengers.
Tunnels in these projects have played a critical role in shaping a modern, operating network. Most of us have connected the word "tunnel", firstly with the Metro and secondly with the motorways. However, a considerable part of ERGOSE's technical works consists of tunnels in areas with challenging geological conditions.
ERGOSE's underground works are approximately 60 with a total length of 77 km of tunnels and an additional 7 km of emergency tunnels. For the most part, these tunnels are constructed with underground opening while just a small percentage with cut&cover method.
Railway tunnels in Greece are both single (double-directional) and twin tunnels depending on their length. Tunnels are also equipped with special ventilation systems controlled by high-end telematics systems.
Exclusively today, Ypodomes.com presents the country's 10 longest railway tunnels, starting from 2.2 km (Platanos Tunnel) up to an impressive 9.2 km (Kallidromo Tunnel). At the top five, there impressive figures; in fact the country's longest 32 tunnels are among the longest in the Balkans as well, and a place among the world's major railway tunnels.
What has been completed so far
To date, tunnels with a total length of approximately 29 km have been completed and released to operation, tunnels with a total length of 43 km have been constructed and will be delivered shortly while another 5.5 km of new tunnels are currently in the construction phase.
The tunnels are mainly constructed in mountainous routes, in cases with space shortage and intersections with the motorway network and wherever the line passes through inhabited areas with no possibility of detour with a surface design.
The average width of the tunnels is approximately 12.4 m., depending on the design, speed and the requirements of the electricity supply. All tunnels are constructed with reinforced concrete, the thickness of which depends on the ground’s composition. A drainage and waterproofing layer is placed outside the final cladding to ensure dry conditions inside the tunnel.
The tunnels are fully sealed for the existence of aquifers so as to avoid the environmental impact of their disruption while their design is fully adjusted to their surroundings.
And after the remarkable technical specifications of the Greek railway tunnels, constructed by ERGOSE, behold the top 10 brought to you by Ypodomes.com:
1. Kallidromo Tunnel: 9.0 km-Twin tunnel in Tithorea-Lianokladi section-Construction completed–To operate in the end of 2017
2. Othris Tunnel: 6.4 km-Twin tunnel in the section Lianokladi-Domokos-Construction completed-To operate in 2018
3. Tempi Tunnel: 5,0 km-Twin Tunnel in Larissa-Thessaloniki section-In operation
4. Panagopoula Tunnel: 4.4 km-Twin tunnel in Eghio-Patras section-Under construction-Scheduled completion and operation in 2021
5. Perama Tunnel: 3.5 km-Single tunnel in Ikonio-Thriasio section-In operation
6. Eghion Tunnel: 3.5 km-Twin tunnel in Kiato-Eghio section-Construction completed- Scheduled operation in 2018
7. Platanos Tunnel: 2.7 km-Twin in Kiato-Eghio-Construction completed-Scheduled operation in 2018
8. Platamonas Tunnel: 2.6 km-Single tunnel in Larissa-Thessaloniki section-In operation
9. Kakia Skala Tunnel: 2.4 km-Single tunnel in Athens-Corinth section-In operation
10. Trapeza Tunnel: 2.2 km-Double tunnel in Aigio section-Construction Completed-Scheduled operation in 2018
Interesting facts
Among the 10 longest tunnels, 4 are operation, 5 have been completed and one is still under construction.
6 currently in construction are expected to be released in 2017 changing the rail journey experience.
Out of the 10 longest tunnels, 4 are located on the Kiato-Psathopyrgos corridor, 2 in Attica, 1 in Thessaly, 1 in Central Macedonia and 2 in Central Greece.
If we combine all 10 tunnels together, we will see that their length reaches 41.9 km. This means that the mere length of those tunnels is longer than Athens Metro Lines 2 and 3. They could actually cover the distance between Athens and Avlona.
8 out of the 10 longest tunnels are single, double track, while the Kallidromo and Othris tunnels are twin tunnels with a separate branch per direction.
V Řecku jsou i tzv.
faraonské projekty, tedy projekty z kategorie velkých, které se slibují dávno před vypuknutím dopadů dluhové krize v zemi a které jsou tak stále jen v rovině snů a když se připravují, tak jen částečné etapy v rámci nich. Vládní server pro infrastrukturu uvádí 10 z nich.
Attiki Motorway extension project
The extension project of Attica Motorway is a long-standing expectation by the residents of Attica region, 16 years now. Due to the financial crisis, scenarios for its implementation were withdrawn only to re-emerge now as 2 separate projects (extension to Lavrio and Vouliagmeni Urban Tunnel).
Eleonas Intercity Buses Terminal
A project from the Olympic era that 13 years later is still stuck in bureaucracy. Way too many announcements, many desings and when and when the time for decisions arrives, it remains a model. Perhaps the most fatigued transport project in the country.
Kozani Solar Park
In 2010 PPC Renewables, announced an ambitious prospect for the largest photovoltaic park in the world (at the time), with a capacity of 300 MW, costing 600mn euros (even 800mn euros according to some sources). The park would be constructed in a huge area near the former lignite mines of Kozani.
Underwater Road Link of Thessaloniki
A vibrant example of poor management regarding public works. The road link was tendered in 2001 along with the rest of the motorway projects and was even contracted, as early as, the mid 2000s. The contract finally collapsed, a fact that promted the State to compensate the contractor with 68mn euros (the compensations' interest now exceeds 100mn euros).
Panathinaikos Stadium
A football pitch that has changed multiple positions over the years. From Votanikos area to Helliniko and then to Goudi. 12 years now the project doesn't seem to settle in a robust place in order to house the dreams of the "Green" fans.
Maliakos Underwater Road Link
During the 1990s, when there were many possibilities for Greece, the idea of Maliakos Underwater Road Link came along and began to mature. We are talking about an outrageously large-scale project based on a dead right idea: an underwater tunnel that would link the two ends of Maliakos Gulf, thus shortening the distance between Athens and Thessaloniki by 60 km or 40 minutes of driving time.
Western Railway Axis
During the same decade there was a new plan for the development of a new railway line starting from Igoumenitsa and Ioannina to Antirrio. Indeed, the EU also approved it but the project encountered two important obstacles. The first one was its funding and the second (and most important was) Rio-Antirio Bridge, whose construction did not provide for the development of a railway line across its length.
Academy Gardens
An impressive, private investment of 300mn euros that would bring 2,000 new jobs and upgrade a particularly problematic area, next to the largest avenue that runs across the capital. A reasonable reaction to this idea would be the facilitation of such investment and its rapid materialization. But not necessarily in Greece. Since 2007, the Mall of Academy Gardens has been waiting patiently for its transition from the mock-up it currently is to a real-life project.
Western Thessaloniki Ring Road
In the end of the previous decade, the plans for major road projects had become quite popular. One of these was the unleveling of the Eastern side of Thessaloniki's Ring Road. The plans included a whole new motorway with bridges, tunnels; in a few words, a very fancy and expensive construction plan that never saw its implementation.
Electrical Interconnection of Crete
The plan of the electrical interconnection of Crete with the continental grid of the country has been designed 20 years back. Interconnections from Attica and from the Peloponnese costing over a billion euros in total. Even though tenders are expected in 2018, the particular interconnections are still waiting to be implemented meaning that Crete's energy costs remain very high, burdening all PPC customers, due to the use of petrol for electricity production. This project could be the most urgent one to become a reality as the annual cost for Crete's electricity is estimated at a staggering 400mn euros.
